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"Virginia Woolf Turning the Centuries," an exhibition of library materials relating to
British author Virginia Woolf (1882-1941), was on display from May 19 to September 7, 1999
on the first floor of the Morris Library,
South College Avenue, on the University of Delaware Campus in Newark.
The exhibition was held in conjunction with the Ninth Annual Virginia Woolf Conference titled "Virginia Woolf
Turning the Centuries," which was hosted on campus by the University of Delaware English
Department from June 10-13, 1999. The display was curated by Shiela Pardee.
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influences | works | hogarth press | 21st century | additional selections
INFLUENCES
Virginia Stephen (1882-1941) grew up in a literary
household. She enjoyed reading books from her father's
library and writing her impressions in journals. Her mother's
death when she was thirteen was a devastating loss, but she
was close to her sister Vanessa, an artist, and her brother
Thoby, who introduced her to his Cambridge University
friends. In 1904 the Stephen siblings moved to the
Bloomsbury section of London, where they entertained
artists, writers, and intellectuals. In December 1910 their
friend Roger Fry organized an art exhibition which
established the Bloomsbury group's association with
everything considered "modern" in art and culture.
In 1912, Virginia married Leonard Woolf, an acquaintance
from Cambridge who had served as a colonial administrator
in Ceylon. Woolf criticized British political and social
policies in essays and articles, and he also wrote fiction.
Virginia disliked politics, but both were committed to
women's rights and world peace. In the late 1920s, Virginia
was romantically involved with writer Vita Sackville-West,
who inspired Virginia's fantasy biography Orlando (1928).
Bell, Quentin. 1910 - .
Virginia Woolf: a biography. London: Hogarth, 1990, c1972.
Letter from Vanessa Stephen, illustrated with sketch of Virginia Stephen skating.
Dawley, Janice E.
"Bloomsbury Group."
http://therem.net/bloom.htm
Dunn, Jane.
A Very Close Conspiracy: Vanessa Bell and Virginia Woolf. London: Cape, 1990.
Two 1912 color portraits of Woolf by Vanessa Bell.
Leaska, Mitchell Alexander.
Granite and Rainbow: the hidden life of Virginia Woolf. New
York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1998.
Photographs of Virginia Woolf, Leonard Woolf, and Vita Sackville-West.
Shone, Richard.
Bloomsbury Portraits: Vanessa Bell, Duncan Grant, and their circle. London:
Phaidon Press, 1993.
Reproduction of "On the Roof, 38 Brunswick Square" by Duncan Grant, picturing Virginia
Stephen, Adrian Stephen, and Leonard Woolf on the roof of their home in Brunswick Square,
1912.
Stansky, Peter.
On or about December 1910: early Bloomsbury and its intimate world.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1996.
Detail of "Post-Impressionist Expressions--Sketches by Frank Reynolds," full
page cartoon in the Illustrated London News, December 3, 1910.
Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941.
The Common Reader. London: L. & V. Woolf at the Hogarth
Press, 1925.
Color facsimile of the cover by Vanessa Bell, made from original in Special Collections.
Woolf Virginia, 1882-1941.
Orlando: a biography. London: Penguin Books, 1993.
Photograph of Vita Sackville-West as Orlando, probably taken by Vanessa Bell and Duncan
Grant, November 1927.
Woolf, Leonard.
Stories of the East. Richmond, England: L. and V. Woolf, 1921.
Color facsimile of the cover by Dora Carrington, made from original in Special Collections.
WORKS
Virginia Stephen (1882-1941) began writing stories and
articles for the Stephen family newspaper in 1891, and her
first article appeared in the Times Literary Supplement in
1905. Collections of her essays include The Common
Reader (1925) and The London Scene (1982), both
published by Hogarth Press. Longer non-fiction works
include A Room of One's Own (1929), in which Woolf
asserts that "a woman must have money and a room of her
own if she is to write fiction," and Three Guineas (1938),
which argues that education, politics, and the press are
dominated by patriarchal values which celebrate competition
and war, and oppress women.
Virginia Woolf is best known for her fiction. Her novels
include A Voyage Out (1915), Jacob's Room (1922), Mrs.
Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927), The Waves
(1931), and The Years (1937). Her experimental style,
which focused on the mental processes of her characters,
gradually gained the respect of critics, although some
ridiculed her feminism. Woolf's works also include short
stories, biography, and the "autobiography" of poet
Elizabeth Barrett Browning's dog (Flush, 1933).
King, James, 1942-.
Virginia Woolf. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1994.
Reproduction of cartoon from Time and Tide, 25 June1938 with caption, p.574.
Warner, Eric, 1951- .
Virginia Woolf: The Waves. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge
University Press, 1987.
The Waves publication history FAQ.
http://www.uah.edu/woolf/wavespubhistory.html
Woolf Studies Annual.
Volume 4. New York: Pace University Press, 1998.
Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941.
Flush. New York: Harcourt Brace & Co., 1976.
- - - . The London Scene. London: Hogarth Press, 1982, c1975.
- - - . Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown. London: L. and Virginia Woolf, 1924.
- - - . Monday or Tuesday. Richmond, England: Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the
Hogarth Press, 1921.
Color facsimile of the cover by Vanessa Bell made from original in Special Collections.
- - - . Mrs. Dalloway / Virginia Woolf ; with an introduction and notes by
Elaine Showalter ; text edited by Stella McNichol, Annotated ed. London: Penguin, 1992.
- - - . A Room of One's Own. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge
University Press, 1995.
- - - . Selected Short Stories. London; New York: Penguin Books,
1993.
- - - . Three Guineas. New York and London: Harcourt, Brace & World,
1966.
- - - . The Voyage Out. London; New York: Penguin
Books, 1992.
- - - . Women & fiction: the manuscript versions of A Room of One's
Own. Oxford, Uk: Published for the Shakespeare Head Press by Blackwell Publishers; Cambridge, Mass., USA, 1992.
- - - . The Years. London: Published by L. and Virginia Woolf at the
Hogarth Press, 1937.
Color facsimile of cover by Vanessa Bell made from original in Special Collections.
THE HOGARTH PRESS
The Hogarth Press was founded in 1917 by Virginia and
Leonard Woolf. Virginia (1882-1941) had episodes of
severe depression, and Leonard thought manual work would
provide relief from the stress of writing. Publication by their
own press also allowed Virginia to develop her writing style
without fear of publishers' rejections. Their first publication
combined stories by Leonard and Virginia with woodcuts by
Dora Carrington (Two Stories, 1917). The business was
small, with limited press-runs and marginal profits. Early
books were hand printed, and Virginia set type and stitched
copies. Professional-quality printing was less important to
them than the freedom to choose what to print.
Hogarth Press publications reflected the interests of the
Bloomsbury group in poetry, fiction, and criticism. Essays
endorsed the rights of women and denounced fascism and
war. Authors included E. M. Forster, T. S. Eliot, Katherine
Mansfield, Gertrude Stein, H.G. Wells, Roger Fry, Vita
Sackville-West, Edwin and Willa Muir, and Robert Graves.
Series publications, including Hogarth Essays and Sixpenny
Pamphlets, provided an affordable format for shorter works,
and Hogarth translations brought Russian and German
works by Dostoevsky, Freud, and others to English readers.
Forster, E. M. (Edward Morgan), 1879-1970.
What I believe. London: The Hogarth Press, 1939.
Fry, Roger Eliot, 1866-1934.
The artist and psycho-analysis. London: L. and V. Woolf, 1924.
Kennedy, Richard.
A Boy at the Hogarth Press. London: Whittington Press, 1972.
Lehman, John, 1907-.
Thrown to the Woolfs. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, c1978.
Muir, Edwin, 1887-1959.
The Marionette. London: Published by L. & V. Woolf at the
Hogarth Press, 1927.
Muir, Willa, 1890-.
Women: An Inquiry. London: Leonard & Virginia Woolf at The Hogarth
Press, 1925.
Rhein, Donna E. (Donna Elizabeth), 1943-.
The handprinted books of Leonard and Virginia
Woolf at the Hogarth Press, 1917-1932. Ann Arbor, Mich.: UMI Research Press, c1985.
Sackville-West, V. (Victoria), 1892-1962.
Joan of Arc. London: L. and Virginia Woolf at the
Hogarth press, 1937.
Wells, H. G. (Herbert George), 1866-1946.
The common sense of world peace ... An address
delivered in the Reichstag at Berlin, on Monday, April 15th, 1929. London: Published by
Leonard & Virginia Woolf at The Hogarth Press, 1929.
INTO THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
At the end of the twentieth century, interest in Virginia
Woolf (1882-1941) is stronger than ever. Numerous books
and other works related to Woolf and the Bloomsbury group
have appeared in the last several years, inspiring a New York
Times cartoon about the flood of new publications. Several
major biographies of Virginia Woolf have appeared in
recent years, and her life and works continue to inspire
creative reinterpretations. Two of her works have been
adapted recently for film: Orlando (1994) and Mrs.
Dalloway (1998). Reading her journals prompted Emily
Saliers of The Indigo Girls to include a song about her on
Rites of Passage (1992). The Hours, a novel by Michael
Cunningham based on Woolf's novel Mrs. Dalloway, was
awarded the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1999. Literary
scholars continue to explore aspects of Virginia Woolf's
work, publishing research in books, journals, and
documentary videotapes. Using digital archives on CD-rom,
researchers can read Woolf's notes in her own handwriting
and use key-word searches for information on specific
topics.
A Room of One's Own.
New York, NY: Arthur Cantor Films, 198?.
Cunningham, Michael (1952- ).
The Hours. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1998.
Indigo Girls.
"Virginia Woolf." Rites of Passage, 1992.
Lee, Hermione.
Virginia Woolf. London: Chatto & Windus, 1996.
Mrs. Dalloway.
New York: BMG Video, c1998.
O'Brien, Edna.
Virginia: a Play. London: Hogarth Press, 1981.
Searle, Ronald.
"Bloomorama! Bloomania! Bloomsburiana!" New York Times Book Review.
December 21, 1997, p. 27.
Reproduction of Searle's cartoon illustrating an article by Bruce McCall.
The War Within: A Portrait of Virginia Woolf.
New York, NY: Arthur Cantor Films, c1995.
Woolf Studies Annual.
Volume 4. New York: Pace University Press, 1998.
Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941.
A passionate apprentice: the early journals, 1897-1909.
San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, c1990.
Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941.
Works. 1997 Virginia Woolf . Woodbridge, CT: Primary Source
Media, c1997.
Computer file on CD-ROM. Exhibited with reproduction of a page of Virginia Woolf's
holograph reading notes on Dorothy Wordsworth.
ADDITIONAL SELECTIONS
FROM THE HOGARTH PRESS
Special Collections holds over 400 Hogarth Press imprints in its Hogarth Press Collection. The following selections are currently on display in the Special Collections reading room.
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 1821-1881.
Stravrogin's confession; and, the plan of The life of a great
sinner. Richmond, England: Published by L. and Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, 1922.
Translated from the Russian by Virginia Woolf and S. S. Koteliansky.
Eliot, T. S. (Thomas Stearns), 1888-1965.
The Waste land. Richmond, Surrey: L. and V.
Woolfe, 1923.
Woolf noted in a letter (July 8, 1923) that she had set T. S. Eliot's poem with her "own hands."
Fry, Roger Eliot, 1866-1934.
Twelve Original Woodcuts. Richmond: Printed and published by
Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, 1921.
Virginia Woolf helped assemble and stitch copies.
Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941.
Kew Gardens. Richmond, Eng.: Hogarth Press, 1919.
Story by Virginia Woolf with woodcuts by Vanessa Bell. First Hogarth success.
- - - . Jacob's Room.
Richmond, Eng.: Published by L. & Virginia Woolf
at the Hogarth Press, 1922.
The first of Woolf's novels to be published by Hogarth Press. Dust jacket by Vanessa Bell.
- - - . Mrs. Dalloway. London: L. & V. Woolf at the Hogarth Press,
1925.
Dust jacket by Vanessa Bell.
- - - . A Room of One's Own. London: Published by Leonard and
Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, 1931.
Dust jacket by Vanessa Bell.
- - - . Three Guineas. London: Hogarth Press, 1938.
Dust jacket by Vanessa Bell.
- - - . Two stories. Richmond, Eng.: Hogarth Press, 1917.
First Hogarth Press publication.
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